January
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January, formerly named Ianuarius (Januarius), conventionally thought to have been named after Janus, is the first month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month of Ianuarius was the eleventh month of the year, thought to be added to Romulus's original ten-month calendar by Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome, and was under the tutelage of Juno, queen of Olympus. Ianuarius was also temporarily named Amazonius by Commodus, after one of his names, which he used to be identified with his patron god and idol Hercules. January is the first month with thirty-one days (after March, May, July, August, October, and December).